By Christian Boers, Team Leader Modeling Architecture at LIST Ingenieure
Digitization is reaching the construction industry at an increasing pace. In particular, model-based planning with Building Information Modeling (BIM) is changing how buildings are designed, coordinated and calculated. Whereas in the past two-dimensional plans or simple 3D models were sufficient, today a fully digital twin is created that contains all the relevant information of a project. This not only makes planning more precise, but also more efficient and transparent.
The main difference to earlier planning methods lies in the density of information. A BIM model does not only map geometries. Each component knows its properties, materials and quantities. This enables reliable calculations even in early project phases. Masses no longer have to be estimated, but can be derived directly from the model. In practice, this means more planning security and greater accuracy in the economic evaluation of a project.
These advantages play a role especially when it comes to competitive situations or early decision-making processes. Those who work with cleanly determined data can assess projects more reliably and assess risks more precisely. This is a clear advantage for everyone involved.
Coordination in the shared data room
The complexity of modern buildings makes reliable cooperation between the trades indispensable. Structural engineering, building services, architecture and outdoor facility planning are often developed in different software environments. A common digital data room, the so-called CDE, combines these models into an overall picture.
This creates transparency. Collisions between cables and components or between static and technical elements are detected at an early stage and can be rectified without great effort. Errors that cause high costs on the construction site can thus be avoided. For us, this approach has developed into a core component of planning quality.
For cooperation to work, uniform technical standards are needed. LIST deliberately works with the open IFC format. It makes it possible to merge models from different software worlds and exchange them barrier-free. This creates flexibility, because each specialist trade can work with the software that is best suited to its requirements.
The approach is very different from closed systems, where everyone involved has to use the same software. Open standards facilitate exchange and make processes more transparent. This openness is a crucial factor in the use of digital models throughout the entire lifecycle of a building.
Digitization of approval processes
Another area that will change as a result of BIM is how to deal with approval authorities. While the private sector is already actively using the advantages of digital models, many municipalities are still in a state of upheaval. However, pilot projects show that digital testing procedures are also possible there. A 3D model can be automatically checked for relevant parameters. This accelerates procedures and increases transparency.
The reality is still very different. Some municipalities are already working digitally, others are continuing to print out extensive documents. Nevertheless, it is clear that the digitization of building applications will prevail. The transition may be gradual, but the direction is clear.
Automation and new digital tools
With increasing data availability, new tools are emerging that go far beyond pure modeling. Algorithmic configurators or AI-supported analyses are already helping to test variants or propose technical solutions. They facilitate routine tasks and create space for more demanding activities.
In practice, this means, for example, that certain types of buildings can be configured automatically or that calculations can be carried out more quickly. These developments improve planning processes, but do not replace the expertise of specialist planners. Human experience remains crucial, especially in complex projects.
The benefits of BIM are not limited to specific asset classes. Whether logistics hall, commercial building, hotel, office or public facility, the basic logic remains the same. Models create transparency, improve alignment, and reduce risk. Different building types have different requirements, but the benefits of a smart model can be used everywhere.
Outlook: What the industry expects
Digital models are increasingly becoming the basis for planning. They create clear structures, improve coordination and make processes more reliable. At the same time, tools based on AI or automated processes that support certain work steps are evolving. At the same time, the professional classification remains decisive. Models provide data, but evaluating them and translating them into practical solutions still requires experience.
It is therefore clear that BIM will continue to gain in importance in the coming years and standardise project work. The method is already an essential component for precise, cross-trade and cost-effective planning.
